Health & FitnessMifflin-St Jeor

TDEE Calculator

TDEE is every calorie you burn in a day — resting metabolism plus movement plus digestion. Knowing it turns weight change from guesswork into arithmetic, because a deficit or surplus is measured against this number, not against a generic 2,000.

About You

Mifflin-St Jeor is the equation clinical dietitians use as default.

years
kg
cm
Percent of body weight per week — 0.5-1% is sustainable
%BW
DAILY CALORIE TARGET
BMR (at rest)
TDEE (maintenance)
Daily deficit/surplus
Expected weekly change
Protein target
Time to change 5 kg

Share & embed

BMR, TDEE and why the difference matters

BMR is what you would burn lying still all day — keeping a heart beating, a brain running, a temperature held. It is typically 60–70% of total expenditure. TDEE multiplies BMR by an activity factor to include movement, exercise and the energy cost of digesting food.

Diet advice built on a flat 2,000 calories ignores that a 95 kg active man and a 55 kg sedentary woman differ by well over a thousand calories a day. Deficits only mean something relative to your own TDEE.

Why Mifflin-St Jeor

Harris-Benedict, published in 1919 and revised in 1984, overestimates for most modern populations. Mifflin-St Jeor (1990) was validated against indirect calorimetry and is the equation the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends as default. Katch-McArdle is more accurate still, but requires a measured body fat percentage most people do not have.

Any equation is an estimate with roughly ±10% error. Use it as a starting point, then adjust on two weeks of real weight data.

Setting the rate honestly

0.5–1% of body weight per week is the range that preserves muscle while losing fat. Faster is possible and mostly costs you lean mass and adherence. For muscle gain the sustainable figure is far lower — roughly 0.25–0.5% per week — because the body can only build tissue so quickly, and anything beyond that is fat.

The 3,500-calorie rule is an approximation

One pound of fat stores roughly 3,500 calories, which is where the rule comes from. It holds reasonably in the short term, but as weight falls so does TDEE, so a fixed deficit produces slowing loss. Recalculate every 4–5 kg.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many calories should I eat to lose weight?
Take your TDEE and subtract 15–25%. For a TDEE of 2,600 that is roughly 1,950–2,200. Going far below is counterproductive: adherence collapses, and a larger share of the loss comes from muscle rather than fat.
Why is my actual weight loss slower than predicted?
Three usual reasons. Intake is under-reported — studies consistently find people underestimate by 20–30%. TDEE falls as body weight falls. And water retention masks fat loss for weeks at a time. Judge progress on a four-week trend, not a daily number.
Is BMR the same as TDEE?
No. BMR is resting expenditure only; TDEE is BMR multiplied by an activity factor of 1.2 to 1.9. Eating at BMR rather than TDEE creates an unintentionally severe deficit.
How much protein should I eat in a deficit?
Roughly 1.6–2.2 g per kg of body weight. Protein is the variable that most strongly determines whether weight lost is fat or muscle, and it is more satiating per calorie than carbohydrate or fat.